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El átomo en la historia de la humanidad
Este texto describe un libro de Bernard Pullman sobre la historia de la teoría atómica de la materia, considerándola una aventura intelectual panorámica que abarca 2.500 años de ideas científicas. Pullman rastrea la idea del átomo desde los filósofos presocráticos, quienes formularon la noción de un constituyente fundamental indivisible. La hipótesis original de la Grecia antigua —que mundos ilimitados se forman en ...
Filosofía de la Física
Espacio y tiempo constituyen el escenario en que se desarrolla la historia del universo físico. A pesar de su existencia indudable, su realidad misma escapa a nuestros sentidos: carecen de color, sabor, sonido, aroma o sustancia tangible. Lo que sí parecen tener es una estructu-ra geométrica. A partir de este indicio, Tim Maudlin recorre la historia de las ideas en torno al espacio-tiempo -desde la física clásica de ...
Logical Reasoning
This book is designed to engage students' interest and promote their writing abilities while teaching them to think critically and creatively. Dowden takes an activist stance on critical thinking, asking students to create and revise arguments rather than simply recognizing and criticizing them. His book emphasizes inductive reasoning and the analysis of individual claims in the beginning, leaving deductive arguments...
Fisica para ciencias e ingenierias
Esta nueva edición de la ya conocida obra de Raymond A. Serway y John W. Jewett Jr., además de conservar la gran capacidad didáctica que la ha caracterizado, ahora cuenta con el respaldo de las herramientas tecnológicas que proveen de un mayor soporte...
La física cuántica
Nacida con el siglo XX, la física cuántica se aplica desde entonces en todos los dominios de la física contemporánea. No obstante, si su capacidad operatoria es considerable, ¿qué sentido habría que darle a su formalismo?...
The Cosmic Century: A History of Astrophysics and Cosmology
The twentieth century witnessed the development of astrophysics and cosmology from subjects which scarcely existed to two of the most exciting and demanding areas of contemporary scientific inquiry. In this book Malcolm Longair reviews the historical development of the key areas of modern astrophysics, linking the strands together to show how they have led to the extraordinarily rich panorama of modern astrophysics a...
The Scientist's Atom and the Philosopher's Stone
Drawing on the results of his own scholarly research as well as that of others the author offers, for the first time, a comprehensive and documented history of theories of the atom from Democritus to the twentieth century. This is not history for its own sake. By critically reflecting on the various versions of atomic theories of the past the author is able to grapple with the question of what sets scientific knowled...
Philosophy Of Physics
The study of the physical world had its origins in philosophy, and, two-and-one-half millennia later, the scientific advances of the twentieth century are bringing the two fields closer together again. So argues Lawrence Sklar in this brilliant new text on the philosophy of physics.Aimed at students of both disciplines, Philosophy of Physics is a broad overview of the problems of contemporary philosophy of physics th...
Inventing Temperature: Measurement and Scientific Progress
What is temperature, and how can we measure it correctly? These may seem like simple questions, but the most renowned scientists struggled with them throughout the 18th and 19th centuries. In Inventing Temperature, Chang examines how scientists first created thermometers; how they measured temperature beyond the reach of standard thermometers; and how they managed to assess the reliability and accuracy of these instr...
Propedeutica logico-semantica
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Elementary Quantum Mechanics
Based on lectures for an undergraduate UCLA course in quantum mechanics, this volume focuses on the formulas of quantum mechanics rather than applications. Widely used in both upper-level undergraduate and graduate courses, it offers a broad self-contained survey rather than in-depth treatments. Topics include the dual nature of matter and radiation, state functions and their interpretation, linear momentum, the moti...
A History of Thermodynamics
The most exciting and significant episode of scientific progress is the development of thermodynamics and electrodynamics in the 19th century and early 20th century. The nature of heat and temperature was recognized, the conservation of energy was discovered, and the realization that mass and energy are equivalent provided a new fuel, – and unlimited power. Much of this occurred in unison with the rapid technological...
A Conceptual Guide to Thermodynamics
Thermodynamics is the science that describes the behavior of matter at the macroscopic scale, and how this arises from individual molecules. As such, it is a subject of profound practical and fundamental importance to many science and engineering fields. Despite extremely varied applications ranging from nanomotors to cosmology, the core concepts of thermodynamics such as equilibrium and entropy are the same across a...
Qué es la entropía
Una guida chiara ed esaustiva sull'argomento, scritta da un grande fisico italiano. Tra gli argomenti trattati: l'energia e le sue trasformazioni; il concetto fisico di disordine e l'evoluzione spontanea dei sistemi complessi; evoluzione dei sistemi complessi non isolati; termodinamica e origine della vita....
Philosophy Of Physics
The study of the physical world had its origins in philosophy, and, two-and-one-half millennia later, the scientific advances of the twentieth century are bringing the two fields closer together again. So argues Lawrence Sklar in this brilliant new text on the philosophy of physics.Aimed at students of both disciplines, Philosophy of Physics is a broad overview of the problems of contemporary philosophy of physics th...
The Tragicomical History of Thermodynamics, 1822–1854
"The Tragicomical History of Thermodynamics, 1822–1854" is a book by Clifford Truesdell that examines the early, complex development of the field, focusing on how misinterpretations and flawed assumptions hindered progress. It critiques the work of key figures like Carnot, Kelvin, and Clausius, arguing that an overemphasis on unnecessary assumptions obscured the core conceptual structure of thermodynamics, and a trul...
Philosophy of Science A–Z
An alphabetically arranged guide to the philosophy of science.While philosophy of science has always been an integral part of philosophy, since the beginning of the twentieth century it has developed its own structure and its fair share of technical vocabulary and problems. Philosophy of Science A-Z gives concise, accurate and illuminating accounts of key positions, concepts, arguments and figures in the philosophy o...
¿Qué es esa cosa llamada ciencia?
Es un libro del físico, profesor y filósofo Alan Francis Chalmers. Es superventas. Fue traducido al español por Eulalia Pérez Sedeño y Pilar López Máñez, ha sido traducido también al francés, alemán, chino, italiano, entre otros. Editado en México, España, Argentina y Colombia, cuenta con más de seis ediciones. El libro está escrito con el mínimo uso de términos técnicos.En los primeros cuatro capítulos Chalmers disc...
The Methodology of Scientific Research Programmes
Imre Lakatos' philosophical and scientific papers are published here in two volumes. Volume I brings together his very influential but scattered papers on the philosophy of the physical sciences, and includes one important unpublished essay on the effect of Newton's scientific achievement. Volume II presents his work on the philosophy of mathematics (much of it unpublished), together with some critical essays on cont...
Attacking Faulty Reasoning
Increasingly, college courses and programs require a critical thinking component and include assignments meant to measure your critical thinking skills. ATTACKING FAULTY REASONING: A PRACTICAL GUIDE TO FALLACY-FREE ARGUMENTS, SEVENTH EDITION, can help you brush up on these skills and learn how to develop the logical, persuasive arguments you need now and throughout your career. This useful handbook addresses more tha...
Logical Self-Defense
LOGICAL SELF-DEFENSE is ideal for U.S. courses in reasoning, critical thinking, and informal logic. It may also be used in "introduction to logic" courses with a strong emphasis on ordinary language arguments. The text provides step by step guidelines for constructing arguments and analyzing of others. The text offers a positive approach to argument analysis, viewing bad arguments as deviations from the patterns of g...
Conjeturas y refutaciones
En el presente volumen, Karl Popper examina varias cuestiones relativas al desarrollo del conocimiento, a la historia de la ciencia y a la filosofía de la ciencia, vistas a través de la moderna metodología, pero también se ocupa de problemas de política y sociología, siempre aplicando sus peculiares procedimientos semánticos, lógicos y gnoseológicos. Los ensayos y conferencias que componen el texto son variaciones de...
Conocimiento objetivo: Un enfoque evolucionista
En este libro el punto de partida de la epistemología de Popper es el realismo del sentido común, realismo crítico por cuanto que afirma constantemente -en contra del mito del marco teórico- la necesidad de poner en tela de juicio el propio punto de partida. Sin embargo, el autor rechaza la teoría del conocimiento del sentido común que concibe el conocimiento como un proceso pasivo -teoría del cubo-, consistente en a...
Introduccion a la logica
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Cómo hacer cosas con palabras
Este libro contiene ideas expuestas por John Langshaw Austin, una figura clave en el mundo filosófico contemporáneo, en sus clases y en un ciclo de conferencias ofrecido en la Universidad de Harvard. Las ideas de Austin sobre la importancia del lenguaje ordinario, el carácter cooperativo de la investigación filosófica, y la necesidad de una ciencia del lenguaje «liberada» definitivamente del yugo de la filosofía hace...
A Practical Study of the Argument
A classic in the field, A PRACTICAL STUDY OF THE ARGUMENT is widely recognized for its solid treatment of such basic topics as the nature of argument, argument structure, premise acceptability, propositional logic, categorical logic, analogy, and fallacies. Integrated and carefully organized, the Third Edition continues to give students a practical understanding of different types of arguments by concentrating on goo...
A Concise Introduction to Logic
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The Logic Book
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Handbook of Argumentation Theory
The Handbook Argumentation Theory provides an up to date survey of the various theoretical contributions to the development of argumentation theory for all scholars interested in argumentation, informal logic and rhetoric. It describes the historical roots of modern argumentation theory that are still an important theoretical background to contemporary approaches. Because of the complexity, diversity and rate of deve...
Las trampas de Circe: falacias lógicas y argumentación informal
Este libro estudia cuestiones pertenecientes al campo de la lógica aplicada, concretamente de teoría de la argumentación informal. Abarca el análisis de los principales tipos de errores por incompetencia argumentativa a partir de un enfoque normativo actualizado y con una propuesta de taxonomía de falacias lógicas informales basada en los criterios básicos de buena argumentación. Se identifican, describen y ejem...
An Illustrated Book of Bad Arguments
“This short book makes you smarter than 99% of the population. . . . The concepts within it will increase your company’s ‘organizational intelligence.’. . . It’s more than just a must-read, it’s a ‘have-to-read-or-you’re-fired’ book.”―Geoffrey James, INC.com From the author of An Illustrated Book of Loaded Language, here’s the antidote to fuzzy thinking, with furry animals! Have you read (or stumbled into) one too ...
General System Theory: Foundations, Development, Applications
Gathered here are Ludwig von Bertalanffy's writings on general systems theory, selected and edited to show the evolution of systems theory and to present it applications to problem solving. An attempt to formulate common laws that apply to virtually every scientific field, this conceptual approach has had a profound impact on such widely diverse disciplines as biology, economics, psychology, and demography....
Cybernetics
2021 Hardcover Reprint of 1961 Second Edition. Full facsimile of the original edition, not reproduced with Optical Recognition Software. Acclaimed one of the "seminal books... comparable in ultimate importance to... Galileo or Malthus or Rousseau or Mill", "Cybernetics" was judged by twenty-seven historians, economists, educators, and philosophers to be one of those books published during the "past four decades," whi...
An Introduction to Cybernetics
2015 Reprint of 1956 Printing. Full facsimile of the original edition. Not reproduced with Optical Recognition Software. Cybernetics is here defined as "the science of control and communication, in the animal and the machine"-in a word, as the art of steersmanship; and this book will interest all who are interested in cybernetics, communication theory and methods for regulation and control. W. Ross Ashby (1903-1972) ...
Applied Mathematical Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Approach
The practice of modeling is best learned by those armed with fundamental methodologies and exposed to a wide variety of modeling experience. Ideally, this experience could be obtained by working on actual modeling problems. But time constraints often make this difficult. Applied Mathematical Modeling provides a collection of models illustrating the power and richness of the mathematical sciences in supplying insight ...
Secular Cycles
Many historical processes exhibit recurrent patterns of change. Century-long periods of population expansion come before long periods of stagnation and decline; the dynamics of prices mirror population oscillations; and states go through strong expansionist phases followed by periods of state failure, endemic sociopolitical instability, and territorial loss. Peter Turchin and Sergey Nefedov explore the dynamics and c...
War and Peace and War: The Rise and Fall of Empires
In War and Peace and War, Peter Turchin uses his expertise in evolutionary biology to offer a bold new theory about the course of world history. Turchin argues that the key to the formation of an empire is a society’s capacity for collective action. He demonstrates that high levels of cooperation are found where people have to band together to fight off a common enemy, and that this kind of cooperation led to the f...
Dinámicas históricas. Por qué surgen y caen las civilizaciones y los Estados
Los procesos históricos son dinámicos. Las poblaciones crecen y caen. Los imperios se expanden y colapsan. Las religiones florecen y se marchitan. Los científicos han logrado grandes avances en la comprensión de los procesos dinámicos en la física y la biología utilizando un en-foque sintético que combina los modelos matemáticos con el análisis estadístico, pero estos avances no se habían aplicado anteriormente a la ...
Networks
The study of networks, including computer networks, social networks, and biological networks, has attracted enormous interest in the last few years. The rise of the Internet and the wide availability of inexpensive computers have made it possible to gather and analyze network data on an unprecedented scale, and the development of new theoretical tools has allowed us to extract knowledge from networks of many differen...
Playing for Real: A Text on Game Theory
Ken Binmore's previous game theory textbook, Fun and Games (D.C. Heath, 1991), carved out a significant niche in the advanced undergraduate market; it was intellectually serious and more up-to-date than its competitors, but also accessibly written. Its central thesis was that game theory allows us to understand many kinds of interactions between people, a point that Binmore amply demonstrated through a rich range of ...
Algorithmic Game Theory
In the last few years game theory has had a substantial impact on computer science, especially on Internet- and e-commerce-related issues. More than 40 of the top researchers in this field have written chapters that go from the foundations to the state of the art. Basic chapters on algorithmic methods for equilibria, mechanism design and combinatorial auctions are followed by chapters on incentives and pricing, cost ...
Introduction to Econophysics: Correlations and Complexity in Finance
This book concerns the use of concepts from statistical physics in the description of financial systems. The authors illustrate the scaling concepts used in probability theory, critical phenomena, and fully developed turbulent fluids. These concepts are then applied to financial time series. The authors also present a stochastic model that displays several of the statistical properties observed in empirical data. Sta...
Lecciones de física de Feynman, II. Electromagnestismo y materia
Estas lecciones, editadas a partir de las conferencias impartidas por Richard Feynman en el Instituto Tecnológico de California (Caltech) de 1961 a 1963, son ya un texto clásico que continúa formando parte de la bibliografía esencial para los estudiantes de física hoy. Este segundo volumen se concentra en uno de los grandes temas de la física: el electromagnetismo. Se explican temas como la electroestática, la magnet...
¿Qué es la teoría de la relatividad?
Hoy usted puede ver por televisi n un partido que se juega en este mismo instante en Alemania; puede hablar por tel fono celular con su hermano que est escalando el cerro Manquehue; puede escuchar y ver una sinfon a que dura m s de una hora mediante un reproductor de DVD; puede comunicarse a trav s del e-mail en forma inmediata con un familiar que se encuentra en Jap n; puede operarse los ojos con rayos l ser en la m...
Sobre la Teoría de la Relatividad Especial y General
Albert Einstein fue un físico alemán de origen judío, nacionalizado después suizo y estadounidense. Es considerado como el científico más conocido y popular del siglo XX....
Conceptions of Cosmos
This book presents the history of how the universe at large became the object of scientific understanding. Starting with the ancient creation myths, it offers an integrated and comprehensive account of cosmology that covers all major events from Aristotle's Earth-centred cosmos to the recent discovery of the accelearting universe....
The Systems View of Life: A Unifying Vision
Over the past thirty years, a new systemic conception of life has emerged at the forefront of science. New emphasis has been given to complexity, networks, and patterns of organisation, leading to a novel kind of 'systemic' thinking. This volume integrates the ideas, models, and theories underlying the systems view of life into a single coherent framework. Taking a broad sweep through history and across scientific di...
The Philosophy of Living Experience
The Philosophy of Living Experience is the single best introduction to the thought of Alexander Bogdanov (18731928), a Russian polymath who was co-founder, with Lenin, of the Bolshevik Party. His landmark achievements are Empiriomonism (19046), a philosophy of radical empiricism that he developed to replace what he considered to be the crude materialism of contemporary Marxists, and Tektology: Universal Organisatio...
Caos: La creación de una ciencia
En los años ochenta físicos, biólogos, astrónomos y economistas crearon un modo de comprender la complejidad en la naturaleza. La nueva ciencia, llamada caos, ofrece un método para ver orden donde antes sólo se observaba azar e irregularidad, traspasando las disciplinas científicas tradicionales y enlazando especies inconexas de desorden, desde la turbulencia del tiempo atmosférico a los complicados ritmos del corazó...
Entre el orden y el caos: la complejidad
El estudio del caos, en el campo de la física, ha revelado que la imprevisibilidad de este complejo mundo puede conciliarse con la existencia de leyes naturales simples y ordenadas. En esta línea, Sametband describe las características fundamentales de los sistemas no lineales, sistemas que están entre el orden en el que nada cambia y el estado de total desorden, y revisa los diversos métodos que se utilizan para est...
Los objetos fractales
¿Qué son los objetos fractales ? ¿Para qué sirven, cuál es su historia y por qué se llaman así ? Las fractales representan a la vez una teoría matemática y un método para analizar una gran diversidad de fenómenos de la naturaleza ; precisamente aquellos fenómenos que se nos antojan «sin ley», como la caprichosa forma de una costa, de una nube o, incluso, de una obra de arte. Benoît Mandelbrot creó las fractales a pri...
Vida artificial: del caos al orden
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Fractus, fracta, fractal: fractales, de laberintos y espejos
En 1975 se acuno el termino fractal para describir ciertas formas geometricas cuya estructura se repite en cada una de sus partes, y en las partes de sus partes. Hoy en dia aparecen en la distribucion de las estrellas de nuestra galaxia, en las irregularidades de una costa y en el latir de un corazon. Pero, que es realmente un fractal?, cuales son sus propiedades?, como y donde podemos identificarlos o constituirlos?...
Emergence
In the tradition of Being Digital and The Tipping Point, Steven Johnson, acclaimed as a "cultural critic with a poet's heart" (The Village Voice), takes readers on an eye-opening journey through emergence theory and its applications. A NEW YORK TIMES NOTABLE BOOK A VOICE LITERARY SUPPLEMENT TOP 25 FAVORITE BOOKS OF THE YEAR AN ESQUIRE MAGAZINE BEST BOOK OF THE YEAR Explaining why the whole is sometimes smarter than ...
Conocer
La fase moderna de las ciencias cognitivas representa una mutación notable en la historia paralela de la mente y la naturaleza. Por primera vez la ciencia (es decir, el conjunto de científicos que definen qué debe ser la ciencia) reconoce plenamente la legitimidad de las investigaciones sobre el conocimiento mismo, en todos sus niveles, más allá de los límites tradicionalmente impuestos por la psicología o la epistem...
Procesos cognitivos
El objetivo de este libro es ayudar a los estudiantes a dominar los estudios clásicos combinados con un nuevo trabajo apasionante; ambos ilustran los conceptos básicos del campo. El objetivo no es revisar cada área en todos sus detalles. Para ayudar a los estudiantes a aprender, el libro está lleno de ejemplos cotidianos, ilustraciones actuales y analogías vividas. En cada capítulo se incluye asimismo un apartado de ...
La mente humana
La filosofía de la mente es una de las disciplinas filosóficas de mayor crecimiento en los últimos años. Si bien es cierto que la mente humana ha sido un lugar privilegiado para pensar sobre el hombre como totalidad, la mente es también una de las fronteras donde la ciencia está realizando los avances más espectaculares de este siglo y, como consecuencia, la fuente de mayores desafíos a nuestras más arriesgadas auto-...
La nueva ciencia de la mente
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Mindware
Mindware: An Introduction to the Philosophy of Cognitive Science invites readers to join in up-to-the-minute conceptual discussions of the fundamental issues, problems, and opportunities in cognitive science. Written by one of the most renowned scholars in the field, this vivid and engaging introductory text relates the story of the search for a cognitive scientific understanding of mind. This search is presented as ...
Think: A Compelling Introduction to Philosophy
Here at last is a coherent, unintimidating introduction to the challenging and fascinating landscape of Western philosophy. Written expressly for "anyone who believes there are big questions out there, but does not know how to approach them," Think provides a sound framework for exploring the most basic themes of philosophy, and for understanding how major philosophers have tackled the questions that have pressed the...
What is this thing called Knowledge?
What is knowledge? Where does it come from? What kinds of knowledge are there? Can we know anything at all? What is the practical relevance of learning about epistemology? This lucid and engaging introduction grapples with these central questions in the theory of knowledge, offering a clear, non-partisan view of the main themes of epistemology. Both traditional issues and contemporary ideas are discussed in 22 easil...
Menón
Con su habitual genialidad, Platón nos invita a ser testigos de una curiosa conversación entre Sócrates y Menón, un joven aristócrata que quiere saber cómo se adquiere esa cualidad que los griegos admiraban en los heroes de antaño y que designaban con la palabra areté “virtud”, “excelencia”. Como suele ocurrir, Sócrates en vez de responder se transforma en interrogador, obligando a Menón a hacerse una pregunta, más f...
Meditaciones metafísicas
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Realism and Anti-Realism
Stuart Brock and Edwin Mares offer a clear introduction to different realist and anti-realist positions and arguments in five key domains - science, ethics, mathematics, modality, and fictional objects. Realism and Anti-Realism focuses on the core concept of realism, taking the perspective that, for each domain considered, there are facts or entities distinctive to that domain whose existence and nature is in some im...
Después de la finitud: Ensayo sobre la necesidad de la contingencia
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A Thing of This World: A History of Continental Anti-realism
At a time when the analytic/continental split dominates contemporary philosophy, this ambitious work offers a careful and clear-minded way to bridge that divide. Combining conceptual rigor and clarity of prose with historical erudition, A Thing of This World shows how one of the standard issues of analytic philosophy--realism and anti-realism--has also been at the heart of continental philosophy. Using a framewor...
Física cuántica para filósofos
En un estilo claro, despojado de términos técnicos, Alberto Clemente de la Torre traza un recorrido por los principales temas de la física cuántica destinados a los filo-sofos, es decir, a todos aquellos que quieren descubrir uno de los temas más sugerentes de la ciencia contemporánea, sin requerir para ello conocimientos previos....